Resources

Proteomics Databases



Metabolomics Databases

• • Quantitative Phosphoproteomics: Comparing SILAC, TMT, and Label-Free Methods

  In phosphoproteomics research, identification of phosphorylation sites alone is insufficient. Quantitative information is the primary driver of biological insight, addressing questions such as which sites undergo significant changes upon stimulation and which signaling pathways are most actively regulated by phosphorylation. These analyses rely critically on accurate and reproducible quantitative strategies. Quantitative phosphoproteomics not only facilitates the discovery of potential biomarkers but ......

• • Normalization and Internal Standards in Quantitative Phosphoproteomics

  In quantitative phosphoproteomics, analyses commonly emphasize differential phosphorylation at specific sites, directional changes (up- or down-regulation), and downstream functional or pathway enrichment. Nevertheless, inappropriate selection of internal references and suboptimal normalization can introduce spurious differences, systematic quantification bias, and, ultimately, misleading biological interpretations. Because phosphopeptides are often low in abundance and exhibit substantial variability......

• • Applications of Phosphoprotein Analysis in Cancer Signaling Research

  Cancer is fundamentally characterized by dysregulation of cellular signaling pathways. Within the highly interconnected landscape of signal transduction, protein phosphorylation serves as a pivotal molecular switch. Precise characterization of phosphorylated proteins enables researchers to better understand how cancer cells evade apoptosis, accelerate proliferation, promote angiogenesis, and even acquire drug resistance. Such studies not only elucidate the molecular basis of cancer initiation and prog......

• • Phosphoproteomics Data Analysis Guide: Commonly Used Software Tools and Workflows

  Protein phosphorylation is among the most prevalent post-translational modifications in eukaryotic cells and regulates a wide range of essential biological processes, including signal transduction, cell-cycle progression, metabolic control, and disease pathogenesis. With advances in high-resolution mass spectrometry, phosphoproteomics has become a key approach for interrogating complex cellular signaling networks. Nevertheless, phosphorylation-centric datasets typically require more stringent quality ......

• • Protein Subcellular Localization

  Protein subcellular localization is not only tightly associated with protein function but also plays a critical role in elucidating disease mechanisms, identifying novel therapeutic targets, and discovering biomarkers. The intracellular microenvironment is highly compartmentalized: mitochondria are responsible for energy metabolism, the nucleus regulates gene expression, and lysosomes mediate macromolecular degradation. Distinct subcellular compartments provide unique biochemical environments, and the......

• • Workflow for High-Throughput PPI Detection via Mass Spectrometry

  Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are fundamental to cellular processes and underpin virtually all biological activities. Elucidating these interactions not only facilitates a deeper understanding of signaling pathways and physiological functions, but also provides a robust foundation for drug target identification and mechanistic studies of disease. With the rapid advancement of systems biology, there is an increasing demand for high-throughput, quantitative, and systematic approaches to PPI analys......

• • High‑Throughput Glycan Analysis as a Critical Tool in Biologics Manufacturing

  In the manufacturing of biologics, high-throughput glycan analysis has become a critical component for ensuring product quality and batch-to-batch consistency. Glycosylation, one of the most structurally complex post-translational modifications of proteins, plays a decisive role in determining the efficacy, safety, and stability of biopharmaceutical products. Under commercial manufacturing conditions, conventional low-throughput and labor-intensive glycan analysis methods are increasingly inadequate f......

• • Mechanism and Advantages of Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) Technology

  In modern proteomics research, achieving accurate quantitative comparisons across multiple samples while maintaining high throughput and sensitivity remains a central challenge. Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) technology, with its multiplex labeling capability and precise quantitation, has emerged as one of the most widely adopted strategies in relative quantitative proteomics. Principle of TMT Technology: Achieving Accurate Multi-Sample Quantitation TMT is an isotope-coded chemical tag that labels peptides de......

• • Advantages and Disadvantages of High-throughput PPI Detection

  Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) are central to biological processes such as intracellular signal transduction, metabolic regulation, and transcriptional control. With the rapid advancement of systems biology, the demand for high-throughput PPI detection techniques has grown significantly. These approaches not only elucidate dynamic interactions in complex biological systems but also facilitate drug target discovery, disease mechanism analysis, and functional annotation. Currently, commonly employe......

• • Guide to Subcellular Proteomics: From Basic Concepts to Applications

  Cells are highly organized biological systems in which distinct organelles, including mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes, perform specialized functions. While conventional proteomics enables comprehensive profiling of proteins in whole cells or tissues, it often fails to address a fundamental question: the precise intracellular localization of individual proteins. This limitation has led to the development of subcellular proteomics, which focuses not only on pr......